St. Louis' Webzine for Kids
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September 2009 Vol. 10 Issue 9


Regular Features

St. Louis History
Things To Do
Fun & Games
Answers


News Stories

New Math author
Tour of Missouri
Volunteer website
Archeology
Golfer
Stream team
Young Achiever

Books

All News Stories

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This Month in Missouri History

Two events tied to St. Louis high schools

A unique doctoral thesis written by a long-time Sumner High School science teacher was published in September, 1907, and construction of Soldan High School was completed in September, 1909.

Other September anniversary dates from Missouri's past included birth of famed Washington University chancellor Arthur H. Compton and completion of the first "post-house" residence in St. Louis in 1764.

One of the stirring anti-slavery speeches was given in St. Louis on the same day as the bloodiest single day death toll in U.S. war history at Antietam in Maryland.

(Each month, the Missouri History Museum researches items of historic interest that occurred in the state's history. Then, Young Saint Louis.com brings them to you for your enjoyment.

(To learn more about state history, visit www.mohistory.com.)

Scientist Charles Henry Turner's thesis


Charles Henry Turner

Charles Henry Turner of St. Louis was one of the first African-American researchers of animal behavior. And, for nearly 20 years, he was a teacher at Sumner High School, the first local high school to admit blacks.

His article in the September, 1907, edition of the Journal of Comparative Neurology and Psychology was based on his doctoral dissertation. It was titled: "The Homing of Ants: An Experimental Study of Ant Behavior."

There is an interesting website for kids on Turner. To view, visit: http://edhelper.com/ReadingComprehension_54_834.html.

For more about Turner, visit: http://encyclopedia.jrank.org/articles/pages/4485/
Turner-Charles-H-1867-1923.html#ixzz0OpRoNWhn

http://www.indiana.edu/~animal/Turner/WhoWasTurner.html.

For more on Sumner High School, visit http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumner_High_School_%28St.
_Louis%29

Soldan High School's construction

Construction of Soldan High School in St. Louis was completed in September, 1909.

The high school became a magnet school for international studies in the 1930s.

For more about Soldan, visit: http://stlouis.missouri.org/neighborhoods/history/
cabanne/schools5.htm
.

Arthur H. Compton


Arthur Holly Compton

Arthur Holly Compton, who went on to be chancellor of Washington University and is linked to construction of the first atomic bomb, was born on Sept. 10, 1892.

Dr. Compton was an American physicist and was named a Nobel Prize winner. He served as chancellor of Washington University from 1945 to 1953.

He is linked to the construction of the atomic bomb when he appointed Robert Oppenheimer as the top physicist to what became the Manhattan Project. That was the secret research project that invented the atomic bomb.

After A-bombs were dropped Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan surrendered unconditionally, thus ending World War II.

For more about Compton, visit http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Compton.

First "post-house" residence in St. Louis


A post-in-ground constructed house in Ste. Genevieve, Missouir

The first "post-house" residence was completed in September, 1764, in what was then the French village of St. Louis.

It was located on a block once bounded by Market, Walnut, First and Second streets. That area is now a part of the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial Park on the St. Louis riverfront.

French houses of that era were of three types of construction. But most common was the palisaded or vertical log construction. This was called "poteaux en terre" or post-in-ground construction.

To make the walls, a ditch was dug to the outer dimensions of the building. Then, logs were tipped upright into the ditches. Earth was then packed around the logs to anchor them. The earliest roofs were thatched.

At least two-thirds of the first St. Louis buildings were of this palisaded construction.

(The Missouri History Museum has an example of this style of building in its "Seeking St. Louis Currents Gallery" in the Forest Park facility.)

For more on this construction, visit http://www.stlgs.org/meetSIGFrench.aspx.

For more about the period, visit http://stlouis.missouri.org/heritage/History69/.

Antietam death toll and anti-slavery speech


Senator Charles Daniel Drake

On Sept. 17, 1862, there were two very different events that showed the turmoil that developed during the history of the United States of America.

On that date, U.S. Sen. Charles Daniel Drake delivered a rousing anti-slavery speech in St. Louis on the 75th anniversary of the completion of the U.S. Constitution.

Senator Drake cited the Constitution as an instrument that "has shed upon our country unnumbered blessings."

But, on that same date, the Civil War battle at Antietam, MD, recorded the bloodiest one-day death toll in U.S. history. An estimated 6,300 Union and Confederate soldiers were killed that day in the Battle of Antietam.

For other Drake speeches on the Union and anti-slavery, visit: http://books.google.com/books?id=5HQFAAAAQAAJ&pg=
PA173#v=onepage&q=&f=false
.

For more about Senator Drake, visit: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_D._Drake

Mrs. Roosevelt notes St. Louis author

First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt gave a plug on Sept. 16, 1936, to St. Louis author Martha Gellhorn's new book, "The Trouble I've Seen," in her nationally syndicated newspaper column, "My Day."

The wife of President F.D. Roosevelt told about giving a reading in Washington from the book at the Colony Club. At the start of the column, Mrs. Roosevelt bemoaned her decision to give the talk.

She asked herself, "Why had I ever been so conceited as to think I could read aloud to a group of really critical and erudite people?"


Martha Gellhorn

But, she said after she began to read, book's story "got to me just as it had the first time. Before I knew it, the first part was ended and it was seven-thirty."

Mrs. Roosevelt said she was very impressed with author Gellhorn's "understanding of many people and many situations in this country of ours."

Gellhorn was born in St. Louis in 1908 and had a noted career as a journalist. She was considered one of the greatest war correspondents in the 20th Century.

One of her assignments was to cover the Spanish Civil War, where she met novelist Ernest Hemingway. She became his second wife in 1940.

Lacking press credentials, Gellhorn impersonated a stretcher bearer in order to witness the D-Day invasion of Europe.

For quotes about Gellhorn, visit: http://216.93.184.240/kr/encyclopedia/Martha_Gellhorn/.

 

Places to Go, Things to Do

Lots of Labor Day activities and more

Although schools have restarted, there's still the flurry of Labor Day weekend activities that provide lots of fun Things to Do; Places to Go for local kids and their families.

And, a lot of the events and activities are free.

Of course, we're also on the lookout fun things during the rest of September. And Young Saint Louis.com gives you a list of some of those as well.

(Each month, YSL.com surveys a lot of calendars to check out upcoming events and activities which might appeal to young kids and their families. Whenever possible, we try to find neat things to do that don't charge admission.)

Labor Day Weekend

Labor Day Parade

The big Labor Day Parade will be held in downtown St. Louis on Monday, Sept. 7. The start time is 9 a.m.

For information, call (314) 847-6336.

33rd Japanese Festival

The 33rd annual Japanese Festival will be held Saturday through Monday, Sept. 5-7, at the Missouri Botanical Garden. Admission for kids 7 through 12 is $5.

Hours are: Saturday and Sunday, 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. and Monday, 10 a.m. to 3 p.m.

For information, call (314) 577-9400 or visit www.mobot.org.

There will tours of the Japanese gardens. There are special art displays, tea ceremonies, kimono demonstrations and arts and crafts. Also, there will be traditional music and dancing along with martial arts and theater.

Also, there will be traditional cooking and other fun activities.

Big Muddy Blues Festival

The Big Muddy Blues Festival will be held Saturday and Sunday, Sept. 5-6, in the Laclede Landing entertainment district. Hours are 3 to 11 p.m. each day.

Admission is free.

Nearly two dozen musical groups will perform on five different stages. The musicians are national, regional and local.

For information, call (314) 241-5875 or visit www.lacledeslanding.com.

Tour of Missouri Bike Race

The first day of the 3rd annual Tour of Missouri Bike Race will be in downtown St. Louis on Monday, Sept. 7.

This year, the Tour of Missouri will start in St. Louis and finish a week later in Kansas City. Previously, the races started in Kansas City and ended in St. Louis.

(For complete information, see the separate story on the home page of this edition.)

Other September events:

16th annual St. Louis Art Fair

The 16th annual St. Louis Art Fair will be held Friday through Sunday, Sept. 11-13, in downtown Clayton. Hours are 5 through 10 p.m. on Friday, 10 a.m. to 10 p.m. on Saturday and 11 a.m. to 4 p.m. on Sunday.

Admission is free. There will be three stages for entertainment as well as hands on activities for kids. Food from area restaurants will be available.

For information, call (314) 863-0278 or visit www.saintlouisartfair.com.

26th annual Great Fire Engine Rally

The 26th annual Great Fire Engine Rally will be held Saturday, Sept.12, in downtown St. Louis. Hours are 8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. with a parade starting at 10 a.m.

Admission is free.

The parade will feature 150 fire vehicles. There will be a kiddies' town and also fireman challenge activities.

For information, call (314) 487-9154 or visit www.greatfirerally.com

St. Louis Symphony Free Concert

The St. Louis Symphony's Forest park Concert will be Thursday, Sept. 17, starting at 7 p.m. The concert will be on Art Hill in front of the Art Museum.

Admission is free.

For information, visit www.slso.org.

Great Forest Park Balloon Glow and Race

The Great Forest Park Balloon Glow and Race will be held on Friday and Saturday, Sept. 18-19. Admission is free both days.

The glow will be 7-8;45 p.m. on Friday with fireworks at 9 p.m. The race activities are from noon to 6:30 p.m. on Saturday.

For information, call (314) 993-2901 or visit www.greatforestparkballoonrace.com

Lewis and Clark Music Festival

The Lewis & Clark Music Festival will be held Saturday, Sept. 12, at the Lewis & Clark State Historic Site in Hartford, IL.

You'll be able to watch, listen and even participate with musicians on fiddles, dulcimers and flutes as they perform traditional music from the late 1700s and early 1800s.

For information, visit www.confluencegreenway.org.

ParkPalooza @ Gateway Arch

Another Confluence Greenway program will be the ParkPalooza@GatewayArch on Saturday, Sept. 12.

The festival will include a variety of outdoor recreation, including historic New Orleans jazz, walks along the Mississippi River Trail as well as art exhibits and performances.

For information, visit www.confluencegreenway.org.

Harvesting Nature

You can learn about native Missouri wild foods that can be harvested from the woods and fields at a class, Harvesting Nature, at the Columbia Bottoms Conservation Area in northeast St. Louis County.

The event is Friday, Sept. 18, for kids 10 and up.

You'll learn about medicinal plants, common yard edibles, mushrooms, nuts and berries. You'll get a booklet of recipes.

For information, directions and reservations, call (314) 877-6014.

Discover Nature: Surviving the Night

If you want to find out what it takes to do overnight camping, you can attend a Discover Nature program at the Busch Outdoor Education Center in St. Charles County. The event, titled "Surviving the Night," will be Thursday, Sept. 17.

Hours are 6 - 9 p.m. and the meeting is open to kids 8 and up when with a parent or other adult.

You'll learn what you need to know and the tools you need to make it through 24 hours in the woods by yourself.

For information and reservations, call (636) 441-4554. Or you can visit www.mdc.mo.gov/areas/ranges/busch.

GO! Fish activities

During September, the Missouri Department of Conservation will hold a variety of Go!Fish programs to help you learn more about fishing in Missouri.

The programs are held at Belle Fountaine Conservation Area, Busch CA, Suson Park and Forest Park.

For details of meetings at various parks, visit www.mdc.mo.gov/13100.

Contest restarts in October

New YSL.com math contest author named

George Yu, a senior at Francis Howell High School, has been named to carry on the Young Saint Louis.com monthly math contest for the 2009-10 school year.

The 17-year-old from Cottleville in St. Charles County was recommended by Rick Armstrong of the Florissant Valley Community College math department. Mr. Armstrong is very familiar with the young local math talent since he sponsors regular math competitions for school kids.

Professor Armstrong said, "George would be ideal for the math feature. He's very good at math and is young enough to relate to your viewers."

George will be the third person to create math puzzles for YSL.com. The others were both math teachers, Wayne Hesse of the Green Park Lutheran School and Amy Ruzicka, who taught math at both Catholic and public schools.


George Yu

George said he likes to have fun with math and hopes to bring that sense of enjoyment to the puzzles on this website. His feature will be named, "Fun with Math." The first edition of the feature will be published in the October, 2009, edition.

He said most of his puzzles will be word problems and will to written to fit the math knowledge of the YSL.com target audience, which is from 3rd through 8th grade.

As with previous math puzzles, George's "Fun with Math," feature will offer prizes for those get all the answers correct. Watch for "Fun with Math" on Oct. 1, 2009.

George said he was introduced to mathematics by his father when he was very young. His father, Paul, is a computer programmer.

He was born in Oxford, MS. But, the family moved to the St. Louis area by the time George was ready for kindergarten. Before he went to school, George already knew his multiplication tables and was hooked on math.

By the time he was in 2nd grade, he already was two grades ahead in math and was doing algebra problems by the time he was in 5th grade.

He was taking Calculus 3 when he was a sophomore in high school.

But, math wasn't his only success area in his schooling He's carrying a 4.0 GPA going into his senior year in high school.

Most of his current classes are accelerated, including science and communication arts. "I'm pretty good in science," he said.

He smiles when asked if he enjoys math. But, his idea of fun with math might be a little different than the usual student.

George said, "I absolutely have fun. I enjoy doing really, really hard math problems. I mean finding answers even if it takes 1½ hours to get the right answer."

But, he promised not to have problems of that magnitude in the upcoming "Fun with Math" puzzles.

He said his favorite math subject now is geometry.

"Geometry takes more creativity than other types of math, such as algebra," George said.

He's planning to go to college but hasn't decided as yet which school to attend.

But, he said his course of study is likely to be physics. "I'd like to do physics research. Eventually, I'd like to be at a college where I could teach as well as do research," he said.

One of his extra-curricular activities in high school includes being member of a Scholar Quiz team. That's a program similar to the TV show "Jeopardy," where kids compete against other teams to see which get the first answers on a variety of subjects.

His team has made it as far as the nationals.

He's also on the school's tennis team and enjoys competing against friends in chess.

Young Saint Louis.com has been bringing St. Louis-area kids information and new features about the area in which they live for over 10 years. For most of that time, the editions have included a math feature.

One of the founders of YSL.com is Ed Heins, a retired journalism professor at the University of Missouri-Columbia. He made a practice of asking beginning reporting students whether they decided on journalism after they had trouble with math and/or science.

Many of those students admitted that was the case.

Mr. Heins advised the students that they'd need at least a working knowledge of both subjects if they expected to have success in journalism.

He said, "After all, your job as a journalist is to interpret the world to your readers or listeners. And, that will mean you have to be able to interpret math and science because those are two subjects that make the world go around."

One of the best ways to get along with any subject is to learn it well enough to where the work is enjoyable. That's one of the goals of the math feature on YSL.com.

In the months ahead, George will be trying to give you information about math in such a way that you'll enjoy the subject, even as the problems get tougher.

So, come back next month for the first edition of "Fun with Math."

George and the editors of YSL.com hope you will participate.

If you have any questions or comments about the feature, be sure to go to the Contact Us icon at the top of the Home Page. There are telephone numbers and also e-mail forms that you can use to message us.

2009 Tour of Missouri

Race schedule, route change,
but still lots for kids

St. Louis will be the starting line, instead of the finish, for the 2009 Tour of Missouri cross-state bicycle race. But, there will be plenty of local activities for area kids among the festivities.

The 3rd Tour of Missouri professional road race will run September 7-13. The 7-stage, 612-mile race starts in St. Louis and will end in Kansas City. In the first two years, the race started in Kansas City and finished in St. Louis.


2008 Tour of Missouri winner, Christian Vande Velde

From the beginning, the Tour of Missouri has worked to include "action" activities for the public that involve more than just watching the pro racers go by. Many of the events involve kids being able to ride the same route as the racers.

That extra "kids and family" dimension has been expanded this year.

The activities start on Friday, Sept. 4, with the first of four Gateway Cup races in four different local neighborhoods. This is the 18th annual Gateway Cup series, which includes both adult and kids races.

Then, on Sunday, Sept. 6, Trailnet will hold a Fun Club ride that has been renamed the Giro and Tour of Missouri Bicycle Ride. The route will include a portion of the circuit route the Tour of Missouri pro riders will use the next day.

The Tour of Missouri's St. Louis route will be a 75-mile circuit ride in the local area. Then, the pros will be off for six more days that include four road-race days, a time trial and then the end with another circuit route on Sunday, Sept. 12, in Kansas City.

Here's a rundown of the various aspects of the total Tour of Missouri experience:

Tour of Missouri

Not only have the starting line and the finishing line of this year's tour of Missouri changed. Only one stage of the 2009 race is the same as last year.

That's the 4th stage from St. James to Jefferson City on Wednesday, Sept. 9, which follows the same route as in the 2008 race.

The dates, stages and routes are:

Sunday, Sept. 6: Stage 1, circuit route in St. Louis, 75 miles.
Monday, Sept. 7: Stage 2, road race, St. Genevieve to Cape Girardeau, 112.4 miles.
Tuesday, Sept. 8: Stage 3, road race, Farmington to Rolla, 114.3 miles.
Wednesday, Sept. 9: Stage 4, road race, St. James to Jefferson City, 109.2 miles.
Thursday, Sept. 10: Stage 5, time trial, in Sedalia, 18 miles.
Friday, Sept. 11: Stage 6, road race, Chillicothe to St. Joseph, 110.3 miles.
Saturday, Sept. 12: Stage 7, circuit race in Kansas City, 77.3 miles.

For the latest information, visit www.tourofmissouri.com.

Gateway Cup races

Before there was Tour of Missouri bike racing, there were Gateway Cup races. In fact, this year marks the 18th Gateway Cup Races. They will be held in St. Louis Sept. 4-7.

The races have a large number of individual events for everyone from men and women to kids races. There is a kids race on all four days of Gateway Cup cycling.

Many of the Gateway Cup races have money prizes for winners. Also, many of the races limit the number of entries so it's important to pre-register. Registration and pre-paying entry fees can be done at www.sportsbaseonline.com.

The races, held in a different neighborhood on each different day, are:

Friday, Sept. 4: Tour de Lafayette, five 0.9 mile laps, seven different races.
Saturday, Sept. 5: St. Louis Hills, five l.3 mile laps, seven different races.
Sunday, Sept. 7: Giro Della Montagna, five laps, seven different races.
Monday, Sept. 8: Tour of Missouri Pro/Am, five l mile laps. six different races.

For the complete information, visit: www.gatewaycup.com.

Kids rides and races

The Gateway Cup series has a kids ride for each day. The kids races are all sprints.

The Trailnet ride is for families.

Of course, kids and their families are invited to watch both the Tour of Missouri and Gateway Cup races from along the routes the racers take.

You can go to both the Tour of Missouri and Gateway Cup websites and print off maps that show the routes the racers take. That way, you can plan where along the routes you'd like watch the action.

Trailnet's Giro Ride

Trailnet has one of its Fun Ride events during the Tour of Missouri festivities. And, like the Gateway Cup events, it will have a portion of its ride include part of the route for the Tour of Missouri's opening day.

Trailnet's Giro and Tour of Missouri Bicycle Ride will be held Sunday, Sept. 6. Registration for the Fun Ride will be from 7:30-9 a.m. at the Shaw Visual and Performing Arts Community Education Center at 5329 Columbia Ave. in St. Louis.

There are three different route lengths, 22, 30 and 43 miles. All three routes will include part of the Tour of Missouri and the Giro della Montagna Gateway Cup routes.

After the Fun Ride, you can watch the Gateway Cup race. And, you can return for the start of the Tour of Missouri cross-state race. That 7-day race will end in Kansas City on Saturday, Sept. 12.

For more about the Trailnet ride schedule, visit www.trailnet.org.

Volunteering helps girl mature

Now, Clayton teen helps find jobs for others


Simone Bernstein

Since she was 12, Simone Bernstein has volunteered at various agencies to broaden her life experiences while helping others. Now, she's started a website to aid other young kids find their own helping niche.

Simone will be a senior this fall at Clayton High School. She's had five different volunteer positions to help at agencies as varied as the Magic House and a VA hospital.

She said every time she wanted to get a new volunteering experience, it took a lot of personal searching to find agencies that would give her a chance. Most wanted their volunteers to be 18 or older.

This summer, she decided to do something about that.

Late in June, she put on-line the St. Louis Volunteen website (www.stlouisvolunteen.com). The site lists businesses, organizations and charities that want younger kids to become volunteers.

"Most volunteer positions were limited to those 18 and older. I want to promote volunteerism for those who are even younger," she said.

With her website up and running, she's been using the last days of her summer vacation to contact other agencies that might consider giving young kids a chance.

Her first volunteer position was with the Magic House when she was 12. There, she interacted with kids and families to help them get familiar with the facilities.

Next up, was volunteering with the Richmond Heights Public Library. She worked with kids who had come in to get Internet access on the library's computers.

By the time she was 14, she was ready to move up to more difficult volunteering assignments.

She worked with kids at a local crisis nursery and at the Veteran's Administration hospital in the City of St. Louis.

"At the crisis nursery, I worked with kids of homeless families who were staying there," she said.

While looking for volunteering opportunities, Simone said she was having a "great learning experience." She said, "I wasn't looking to earn money. I wanted to get out of my 'comfort zone' to see how other people lived."

She said the current slow-down in the economy actually may help young kids find additional volunteering opportunities. With fewer paid jobs available, businesses and agencies may be looking for more volunteers, Simone said.

She said her website will provide kids with places to apply to work, "giving back to the community and gaining valuable job skills."

She said she hopes her prospecting for new volunteer opportunities will prompt more organizations to consider younger kids for positions.

On the website, Simone doesn't just give information about possible volunteer opportunities. She also explains how the experiences can help the kids plan their future.

She notes that some schools give academic credit for volunteer work that provides "service-learning" experience. She said such credits are available even in elementary and middle schools.

But, one of the bigger benefits for kids is the chance to enhance your college resume. "Colleges pay attention to your life inside and outside the classroom," she said.

Colleges are interested in your outside interests, how you manage your priorities and maintain long-term commitments, she added.

But, Simone said, "Keep in mind colleges aren't interested in seeing you do it all. It's more meaningful to colleges to see your dedication to one or two causes or activities than to see that you've spread yourself thin."

She urges young kids to think out what they want to accomplish with their volunteering.

"It's important that you enjoy the type of service you choose and that you have the time to stick with it," she said. Figure out what you want to get out of the service, how much time you can commit and what talents and skills you can bring to the job.

She said it's also important to decide "what I don't want to do." After all, you don't have unlimited time so you should try to focus on things that you want to do and what experience you want to gain.

Simone noted that the types of volunteering she wanted to do changed as she got older. Also, she knew she could handle more responsibility as her volunteering experiences got more involved.

Her experiences at the St. Louis Crisis Nursery and the John Cochran Veterans' Administration Hospital indicate how the range of volunteering can grow.

At the Crisis Nursery, she started interacting primarily with kids. But, she also moved into marketing the nursery at health fairs and assisting with fund-raising.

At the VA hospital, she started with organizing medical and office supplies. But, she has moved into helping patients with personal tasks and running errands for the medical staff.

With the start of school this month, Simone will be active in both academic and extra-curricular activities. She'll be a senior managing editor of the school newspaper and captain of the cross-country team.

(If you have questions about the volunteer website, you can e-mail Simone at simone@stlouisvolunteen.com.)

In Chesterfield Valley

Visit active archeology dig at ancient Indian site

If you hurry, you can watch archeologists excavate what was a pre-historic Indian settlement in what is now the Chesterfield Valley area.


Archeologizt Joe Harl

Joe Harl is the supervising archeologist for the dig located near the Spirit of St. Louis Airport. The archeologists are searching the site before it's buried as part of a levee-building project along the Missouri River.

Harl said his crew isn't in the tour business but they do welcome visitors who can find their site amid the earthmoving equipment elsewhere on the Corps of Engineers levee-strengthening project.

But, he added, "We get about 30 to 40 people a day coming by to see the excavation work. We'll be here for another month or so."

(If you want to visit the site, you can call the Archeological Research Center (ARC) of St. Louis at (314) 426-2577 for directions. Or you can go to the group's website at www.ARC-StL.com.)

So far, the archeologists have excavated the foundations of several buildings. Also, they have set up an impromptu display case for arrowheads, pottery shards, shell beads and some copper objects recovered so far.

In addition, there will be a number of pamphlets providing history of this area. Also, Harl said there are copies of a book written about the ancient history of the Chesterfield area.

The book was written by Mark W. Leach and is titled, "A Guide to Chesterfield's Ancient History. The Past 10,000+ Years."

Harl said the active dig site is only a small part of what was in the 1300-1400s a major Indian trading center. "These Mississippian Indians are linked to the ones who lived in what we know as the Cahokia Mounds area in Illinois," he said.

There's an on-going mystery of what happened to the Indians.

"About 1400, all the Indians in this area disappeared and no one knows where they went," Harl said. "Before that, these Indians were gathered together in elaborate and rich societies," he added.

"One theory is that the resident Indians were attacked and driven out. But, we've found no evidence of such attacks," he said.

Evidence at the Chesterfield site indicates that it was a "major trading center" not just a group of homes, Harl said. "One of the buildings had five hearths and probably was a food store," he said.


A box of recovered artifacts

He said the beads recovered were made from shells from the Gulf of Mexico and were made into jewelry. He said the copper which was used in other forms of jewelry came from northern areas in what is now Minnesota and Wisconsin.

"These people weren't just roaming Indians. They were organized into sophisticated societies," he said.

Another example of their complex society can be found by examing building sites which have been uncovered.


An excavated site of Indian store

The buildings had trenches dug for the foundations. The wooden frames for the sidewalls were put together on the ground. Then, the whole frame was tipped up vertical and locked into place in the trench.

Then, smaller limbs were woven together and mud plaster was applied to make the building air- and weather-tight.

The method of construction is very similar to the pre-fabricated framing of modern houses, Harl said.

He said, "Finding arrowheads and other artifacts isn't what is exciting about archeology. It's learning what those artifacts tell us about early people."

Harl said the excavation in the Chesterfield Valley is the only current one involving pre-historic Indian sites.

He noted the recent purchase by a group of Indians of the Sugar Loaf Mound near the intersection of Interstate 55 and Broadway near downtown St. Louis. Harl said, "That may be the last Indian mound in St. Louis."

He said his group was involved in research of that mound.

"St. Louis has some of the best archeological resources in the country. But, sites are being dug up or covered over all the time," he said.

Harl said he is often struck by the fact that Europeans seem to have a better appreciation of early American history, especially Indian history.

The way Corps of Engineers contracts are written is evidence that at least someone is interested in studying and preserving the past, he said.

He said developers, before getting a Corps contract, have to allow for a search to see if the site has any historic preservation value. That's how the ARC got involved in the archeological dig in the Chesterfield Valley.

However, Harl said authorization of the dig doesn't mean the site will be preserved. In the case of this site, the archeologists have a certain time frame for their dig and then the area can be developed as part of the overall project, he said.

But, Harl said the grant for the excavation includes money for extensive photography and collection of artifacts. Also, by the end of 2010, there will be an extensive history of the Chesterfield Valley excavation written.

The history, photos and artifacts will be available at the Corps of Engineers museum in Springfield, IL, he said.

He said the Corps of Engineers plans to print 300 copies of the Chesterfield excavation report to be available for scientists who will be studying early Indian civilizations in this area.

 

 

Also, hole-in-one for charity

Ten-year-old wins all-ages junior golf title

Crimson Callahan of Chesterfield this summer won the overall regional PGA Junior 9-hole championship against kids who ranged in age up to 17. He shot a 4-over-par 76 for 18 holes at the Ballwin city golf course in the two-day meet.

Also, this summer he shot his 5th hole-in-one while doing volunteer work at a charity golf tournament at the Tapawingo National Golf Club.

At the charity event, he was stationed at a par-3 hole. If the golfer bought a charity ticket, Crimson would hit a shot and the player could take either his own or Crimson's shot, whichever was closest to the hole.

After the hole-in-one shot, Crimson said, "He made a very good donation."

For the charity event, the 5th grader earned a total of $1,000 which was donated to the St. Louis Crisis Center. The hole-in-one was his second this year. He's also scored aces at age 4, 6 and 7.

He is 4-foot, 5-inches tall and weighs in at 70 pounds.

The 17-year-old from Cape Girardeau, MO, who finished 2nd in the PGA tournament in late July was well over six feet tall and weighed about 250 pounds.


Crimson Callahan

Crimson admits that he's often out-driven by many of his golfing opponents. But, he said his "short-game" often carries him to victory.

He has had so much success in golf that PGA officials entered him into 18-hole tournaments this summer. He played in the 12-13 age bracket.

Crimson started swinging a miniature golf club in his basement when he was two. He started swinging outside for real when he was four.

He said his first teacher was his dad, Todd Callahan. Asked about his dad's golf game, Crimson said, "He's a great teacher but he can't swing a lot."

For the last several years, the family has belonged to the Missouri Bluffs golf club in nearby Weldon Springs, in St. Charles County.

He said Missouri Bluffs is a "great course." Among the membership there are St. Louis Cardinals Albert Pujols and Ozzie Smith.

Crimson also takes lessons from the club's golf pro, Ed Schwent. His lessons are twice a week but he admitted he might get an extra lesson "if something goes really, really bad with my game."

He said, if something is "really, really bad," it's usually with his putting.

During the summer, he's at the course pretty much every day, where he plays and practices from five to six hours each day.

Crimson said his current golf clubs are standard size recommended by the U.S. Kids organization for young people from 39" to 57" inches in height. However, he said he does have a new larger-headed driver.

He said he uses the larger-sized driver most often when he plays with older kids. That's so he can get some extra distance on his drives because the older kids play from tees that are further back.

He said his putter is blade-style that formerly belonged to his grandfather.

During the PGA Junior tournament in July, Crimson shot a 38-38 for a final score of 76. He was trailing by three strokes after the first day's play. But, while he matched his score the second day, the others who were leading had worse rounds.

Crimson said, "Overall, that has been my most exciting win."

But, he said his best golfing experience was when he got to play TPC Sawgrass course, which is a regular stop on the pro golfing circuit. The course's showcase hole is No. 17, which features a man-made green that is surrounded by water.

Asked how he did on that hole, Crimson said he didn't hit any ball in the water and ended with a par.

Crimson said he played in 30 golf tournaments this summer. Some were 9-hole tournaments with kids his own age. But, many were two-day tournaments against older kids.

But, he said his golfing season is pretty much over now, with the start of school and his interest in other sports. He'll be a 5th grader at Kehr's Mill Elementary School.

He said he's been a quarterback for four years on a team that plays for the Chesterfield Football Assn.

After that, he'll turn to basketball, where he plays both point and shooting guard.

Crimson plays golf left-handed although he throws a ball and writes right-handed.

Although his current golf season is pretty much finished, Crimson already has some goals set for next year. He said he wants to win the Pepsi Little People golf tournament, which is one of the largest meets for young golfers.

He said he wants to go to college, hopefully one where he can get a golf scholarship. He has his eye on the University of Alabama. "The school has a good golf program," he said.

And his interest in that school is more than its golf team.

Crimson's dad is from Alabama and the family has been to the university's campus and seen some football games there. The school is noted not only for the quality of the football team but also for the festive "tailgate" atmosphere both before and after the games.

The family's mailbox in Chesterfield has a sign that says, "Bama Road."

And, the team's nickname is the Crimson Tide. As in Crimson Callahan.

 

Also help with recycling

Valley Park kids help clean up town creek

Thirteen-year-old Abby Ross of Valley Park wants her school's "stream team" group to do more this year than just clean up along the banks of Fish Pot Creek that runs through Valley Park.

Abby joined Stream Team 3271 last year. That's when she was in 6th grade at the Valley Park Middle school. With the new school year starting, Abby said she'll sign up for the after-school "stream team" again.


Abby Ross

This year, she'd like her group to do more. "I'd like also to clean up the forest along the creek," she said.

Last year, a lot of the kids on the "stream team" also were involved in expanding the school's recycling program. Before then, the school's recycling efforts were pretty much limited to recycling waste paper.

But now, the school recycles cans and bottles. Also, the kids worked with the school's cafeteria staff to eliminate the throwaway plates in favor of reusable one that can be washed and reused.

The "stream team" and recycling efforts are part of a wide-range of "service learning projects" available to Valley Park kids. The kids are given their choices of projects during the homeroom periods at the start of the school day.

The school's stream team project has special appeal to the Valley Park kids because Fish Pot Creek runs near a large number of the kids' homes. And, it is a tributary of the Meramec River, which also runs through Valley Park.


Andrew Elkins

Twelve-year-old Andrew Elkins said the service projects are chances for "us to feel good about ourselves because we know we're doing good things."

But, 12-year-old Jacob James had a more personal reason. He said the projects "are a good time to see my friends and have fun."

Jacob said he wants to work harder this school year on recruiting more kids for the "stream team." He said there is plenty more work for any additional kids that might join this year. Last year's stream team had 17 members.


Jacob James

The kids' last stream team cleanup project was just before the 2008-09 school year ended last spring. They teamed with adults from the Valley Park area for a Meramec River cleanup effort.

They said they found a wide variety of trash during the cleanup. Among the items picked up were tractor tires and "half of a boat."

Twelve-year-old Meaghan Fowler said she looks at the steam cleanup efforts as helping the survival of wildlife that live near the river survive. She said she noticed some of the frogs she saw "had a brown slime on their skin."


Meaghan Fowler

She said her particular species of interest are toads, frogs and honey bees. Meaghan said her interest in cleaning up the environment has extended to her regular habit of taking walks with friends in a park near her home. "I always take along a plastic bag so I can pick up trash during those walks," she said.

The kids all mentioned the availability of parkland near where they live. And they said he often make use of those outdoor facilities as play areas.

Ms. Leslie Venn is the adult advisor for the Valley Park stream team. She also helped the kids with their efforts to expand recycling efforts at the school last year.

"The kids did virtually all of the work on the new recycling program. They decided what other things could be readily recycled and then contacted companies that could help," Ms. Venn said.

Among the efforts was the creation of a "power point" presentation to help sell faculty and kids on expansion of the recycling efforts.

She also credited Ms. Julie Ressler, the cafeteria supervisor, with helping the kids plan the changes to facilitate the "greening" of the lunch process.

Ms. Venn said the changes have resulted in a tremendous increase in the volume of things that are recycled in the school. "The kids even ordered the new recycling bins that we needed," she said.

The Valley Park schools and the city of Valley Park make an interesting scene for this increased interest in the quality of the local environment.

The Meramec River is oftentimes in the news because of periodic flooding, especially in Valley Park. Also, the area residents helped defeat the U.S. Corps of Engineers' effort to dam the river upstream and create what the Corps said would be a "flood control" reservoir.

But, after vocal public opposition against damming of the scenic river, the Corps dropped the plan. It is one of the few times in U.S. history when the Corps dropped a flood control plan that had been authorized.

Residents in the Meramec watershed decided years ago they wanted to preserve the natural beauty of the flowing Meramec River. They made that decision even though it might result in inconvenience during times of flooding.

The Missouri Department of Conservation's "stream team" program opened in 1988 with three goals: education, stewardship and advocacy. The education dealt with learning about the state's 56,000 miles of flowing water.

The stewardship was in organizing stream teams to work on litter control, bank stabilization and water quality monitoring. The advocacy involved citizens speaking out against harmful practices and developments along the streams.

(If you'd like to know more about the Missouri Department of Conservation's Stream Team program, visit www.mdc.mo.gov/programs/strteam. Or, for St. Louis area information, you can call Darlene Haun at (636) 225-3946.)

Young Achiever profile

Kid learns about leadership one step at time

Teenager Nate Balducci has been learning systematically how to be a leader with a variety of experiences in school, his church and his rural community.

And he's doing this from his somewhat unusual setting of living on his family's wine grape farm just west of Augusta, MO, the home of a number of wineries.

Fourteen-year-old Nate was named last spring as one of the 2009 Gateway Young Achievers. The kids are given the award after extensive interviews to learn of their accomplishments in school and in their communities.

(Young Saint Louis.com has covered the Young Achiever program for several years. After a award-ceremony story in May, YSL.com then writes an individual profile for all the elementary and middle school winners.

(This is the 4th in the 2009 series. Starting with the June edition, the profiles will go through the end of the year. Earlier stories were in June, July and August.)

Nate said he wants a career as the manager of a construction firm.

He said he's learning how to be a carpenter while working on the family farm. There's always something that needs to be built or fixed on a working farm.


Nate Balducci

But, his family's farm also includes a restaurant housed in a former barn on the property. That business involves managing a varied staff on an every-day schedule.

That means his family's success relies on others and just not him doing his job.

Nate said he got to learn a lot about the principles of leadership as a delegate to a People to People Leadership Forum in Washington, DC.

One of the leadership principles that stuck with him was the idea that a strong leader has to do more than preach his ideas. "You have to be receptive to listening to the ideas of others," he said.

During his years in school at St. Vincent de Paul in nearby Dutzow, MO, Nate has had opportunities to learn more about leadership.

He was on the school's student council for three years and was elected president of the council in his 8th grade year.

Nate said he ran for the president's job, in part, because it would give him experience in interacting with both fellow students as well as the school's faculty. And he'd have opportunities to speak before groups of people.

During the election campaign, Nate had to deliver a speech before all the students from 4th through 8th grade. He said he looked on that experience as another in his leadership lessons.

After the election, one of the council president's functions was to gather student ideas for projects and changes and present them to the school's principal. Last school year was a time when the school had financial problems and was considering whether it would continue to operate.

Nate said one of the council projects last year was a Mardi Gras party that would be a fund-raiser to help ease the financial strain on the school.

Nate said he was satisfied with the accomplishments during his year as president.

Another of Nate's leadership experiences include his time as a student mediator. In that role, he was among a small group of students who monitored recess periods and mediated any playground disagreements.

He said most arguments involved two students who disagreed about rules of play. "The two didn't think they were getting a fair break," he said.

He said most of the arguments were settled peacefully once he, a third party, joined the discussion. "Most of the time, the two would come to an agreement by themselves if there was someone there to mediate," he said.

In a letter of nomination for Nate to the Young Achievers organization, Mrs. Pamela Stapel, the student council moderator, said, "Nate is natural born leader."

She added, "He was an outstanding council president and is an excellent role model for students of all ages."

Nate was at St. Vincent de Paul school from kindergarten through 8th grade.

He said the school doesn't calculate GPA's. But, he said, "I've had As and Bs throughout my time there."

Also, at his 8th grade graduation, he was awarded a Sr. Louise Schmid Scholarship for achievement. It included a partial-tuition scholarship to St. Francis Borgia High School in Washington, MO, where he started his freshman year last month.

Nate said he liked best his classes in math, especially algebra. He said he was in advance placement classes in his math classes.

He was one of the students on the school's Math Bowl team, which competed against other area Catholic schools.

Nate was also active in a number of school activities. His 8th grade basketball team won the county championship. But, Nate said he doesn't plan to play sports in high school.

But, he does plan to continue his music in high school. He played all percussion instruments and was named to an area honor band. Nate said he already has been selected for the drum line at St. Francis Borgia this fall.

He also worked on the St. Vincent de Paul school's yearbook staff, which produced a DVD rather than a printed yearbook. Nate said he was involved in video-taping sports events and activities and then editing the material for the DVD.

At his church, Nate also was active. He served at mass for the last seven years. Also, he said he enjoyed serving and cleaning up after church breakfasts and dinners.

 

This month's book reviews

A life of a woman who set the highest of goals
for those both blind and deaf

As a child who lost her vision and hearing at the age of two, Helen Keller went on to become a world-famous figure. After nearly dying from a high fever, Helen's parents were shocked to realize their little daughter was both blind and deaf. Helen was six-years-old when Annie Sullivan, a young woman from the East, traveled to Alabama to live with the Keller family and attempt to teach Helen to communicate with others. At first, Helen, who had been spoiled by her family, resisted Annie Sullivan's efforts to change the little girl's habit patterns.

Annie had "signed" letters in Helen's hand, trying to get her to understand that these symbols represented names for the things around her in the environment. The "breakthrough' occurred when Helen felt water from the pump running over her hands. It registered with her that the sign "water" stood for the liquid pouring over her hands. After that, she couldn't learn fast enough to associate spelled words for everything she could experience. From that point on, Annie and Helen became inseparable. Luckily, Annie Sullivan was highly intelligent and creative in her efforts to teach Helen new things.

When Helen was eight, she and Annie traveled to Perkins School, where Annie Sullivan had studied. There Helen had access to many more learning opportunities that she had back home in Alabama. She learned to read and write in Braille. Amazingly, she even learned to read and write French as well as English in a short time. Clearly, Helen could learn to do things no one thought possible. She even began to learn to speak by feeling others' vocal chord vibrations and lip movements. She was beginning to become well-known around the country because of her accomplishments. At age 24, Helen was awarded a Bachelor of Arts degree from Radcliffe College.

Helen wrote an autobiography titled "The Story of My Life" that became an international best-seller, published in more than 50 languages. Helen and Annie spoke all over the country and audiences were impressed by what the two women had accomplished and how well Helen could communicate. A Broadway play, later made into a movie, titled "The Miracle Worker" has also popularized Helen Keller's story.

You will enjoy reading the DK biography by Leslie Garrett because it includes many photographs and a timeline of events in Helen Keller's life.

A boy from a runaway slave town in Canada
undertakes a dangerous trip

Buxton is a town founded by runaway slaves from the southern part of the U.S. It was founded in 1849 just across the Canadian border from Michigan. Elijah was the first child to be freeborn in the settlement. At the time of the story, he is about twelve-years-old. His mother called him a "fra-gile" child because he cried easily and was deathly afraid of snakes. Elijah attended school in Buxton with about a dozen other kids. His schoolmates accused him of talking a lot.

One thing Elijah really liked to do was go fishing in the river. He had a highly unusual skill. He could throw rocks so accurately and so hard that he could stun or kill fish in the water. That's how he came to learn about the man in the town who called himself "Preacher". Elijah began to suspect Preacher was a con man when Preacher convinced him to give up some of the fish he caught by calling it "tithing." Tithing is when someone gives ten percent of their earnings to the church. The grown-ups had already figured Preacher was somewhat crooked and had no real connection to any church.

Most of the people in Buxton were hard workers. One of the men Elijah called Mr. Leroy worked especially hard at cutting wood for everybody. Mr. Leroy, Elijah found out, was saving money to buy his family members out of slavery back in the South. When Mr. Leroy was loaned a large amount of money from another person there in Buxton, he determined to send all the money to some white abolitionists across the border in Detroit to arrange the purchase of his family. Who should volunteer to take the money across the border but the Preacher? By that time, we as readers know that Preacher is a crook and the money will be stolen. However, Mr. Leroy is impatient and allows Preacher to take off with the money. Another trusted man, Theodore Highgate, is sent to keep an eye on the Preacher. Unfortunately, he is returned to Buxton in a wagon after being shot by the Preacher. Now what? Who is going to try to regain Mr. Leroy's lost money?

Mr. Leroy decides to take a pistol and go after his money, but he wants to kidnap Elijah and take him across the border with him. Elijah can read addresses and Mr. Leroy needs his help to track down the thief. Although he is frightened, Elijah wants to do what he can to help Mr. Leroy and his family. But Elijah knows he risks being shot himself or, even worse, caught and sold into slavery while he is south of the Canadian border. You need to read "Elijah of Buxton" by Christopher Paul Curtis to find out how it all turns out.

A girl is embarrassed that she hides her uncle
who has Down's syndrome

Actually, the main character in "The Man Who Loved Clowns" by June Rae Wood is Delrita Jensen, a junior high school girl who is the narrator of the story. Delrita has grown up with her mother's brother as part of her family and her beloved playmate throughout her earlier childhood. He is her Uncle Punky, now thirty-five- years old, a grown man with a young child's mind. He's the one who loves clowns, especially Ronald McDonald. Delrita throughout her life had tried to protect Punky from being made fun of by others because of his Down's syndrome. She had learned to be a loner at school so that others would not find out about Punky. Now, as she is in her early teens, she is ashamed of herself for being embarrassed when seen with Punky.

Delrita likes to work on woodcarvings and is becoming quite an artist. She is almost content to stay at home with Punky and not take part in after-school activities. Her mother keeps pushing her to get more involved in school-related sports, dances, etc. but Delrita resists. Delrita's Aunt Queenie and her husband, Uncle Burt, visit the family fairly frequently. Aunt Queenie is overly-organized and criticizes Delrita's mom for not placing Punky in a workshop for handicapped individuals. Delrita is not fond of Aunt Queenie and thinks she should mind her own business.

Just before school starts the family takes a car trip to Branson, Missouri. They are going to enjoy Silver Dollar City. Delrita's parents drop her and Punky off to spend some time together while her mom and dad attend an antique auction. It is when the family is separated that the unthinkable happens. Delrita is informed while she and Punky are visiting a woodcarving shop that both parents have been killed in an automobile accident. To Delrita's shock she finds that Aunt Queenie and Uncle Burt are now legal guardians for her and Punky. Their lives are going to be totally changed.

Some interesting things happen as both Delrita and her Aunt develop new attitudes. Punky, to Delrita's surprise, happily adjusts to new responsibilities. At the book's ending, Delrita finds that Punky had innumerable friends who loved and respected him for just being himself.

The first story in a series about a cowdog
living on a ranch in the West

Sometimes it's fun to read books that really don't have a message but are just meant to be humorous entertainment. "The Original Adventures of Hank the Cowdog" by John R. Erickson certainly is that kind of book. Hank is a fairly large dog that lives on a ranch and feels that he is the "head of ranch security". It becomes clear from the first page that Hank is not nearly as smart as he thinks he is, and, besides that, that he has an inflated sense of his own importance around the ranch.

Hank begins this episode by talking about "murders" on the ranch that it is his responsibility to solve. Actually, the murders are chickens that are found dead in or around the chicken coop. Hank in his investigation is stymied by the large number of possible suspects. His first guess is a raccoon, but it could possibly be a local skunk. While "investigating," he tangles with not only the skunk, but a porcupine. He finds out only by accident later that all along it was coyotes that were committing the "murders."

Hank is so upset by his being suspected of being the "murderer," that he decides to run away. He is confronted by the coyotes and is pretty much forced to join up with them. Besides, he likes the looks of one of the pretty female coyotes. It's when the coyotes try to get him to join them in a raid on the chicken house at the ranch that he realizes that they are the guilty parties. Finally, Hank ends up back at the ranch and is recognized for having solved the crime. The groundwork is laid for more novels in the series - would you believe fifty more of these stories!

 

 

Fun & Games

From "Outside Jokes" book of wildlife cartoons
(Copyright: Betty C. Grace)


"Ah, forget her. There are plenty of other
fish in the sea."

(Reprinted by permission of artist)

Editor's Note: Copies of the "Outside Jokes" book are on sale through:
The Nature Shop, Missouri Department of Conservation
P.O. Box 180, Jefferson City, MO 65102-018
or call toll free: 887-521-8632

Crossword Puzzles
When you have completed the puzzles, you can click here to find the answers!

Puzzle #1

Across Down

1. surrounding environs
5. other teams
7. academic support
8. one's special place
9. weakening economy

2. top goals
3. the usual, regular
4. unpaid workers
6. school related


Puzzle #2

Across Down

1. the range, dimension
4. open to suggestion
7. works with wood
9. does software
10. settled differences
11. grows grapes

2. speeded-up courses
3. a field of math
5. newspaper writing
6. explain, translate
8. hit to make sound


Puzzle #3

Across Down

3. the okay to act
4. complex, civilized
5. paid competitor
7. unplanned
8. planned events
9. size, measurement

1. study past societies
2. round course
6. things left behind


From book reviews

Across Down

2. laugh provoking
6. made well-known
7. self lifestory
8. over-blown
9. beyond imagining
10. giving 10% to church

1. an instant solution
3. symptom colletion
4. anti-slavery stance
5. unable to wait

 

Jokes (recycled from September 2003)

School jokes

Teacher, I can't solve this problem.
Well, any five-year-old ought to be able to answer that one.
No wonder I can't do it, I'm nearly ten!

Teacher: Did your parents help you with these problems?
Pupil: No, I got 'em all wrong by myself!

Father: What did the teacher think of your idea?
Son: She took it like a lamb.
Father: Really. What did she say?
Son: Baa!

What are you going to be when you get out of school?
An old man!

Kid: I'm not going back to school.
Mom: Why not?
Kid: The teacher doesn't know a thing, all she does is ask questions!

Mothers' Dictionary

Defense: What you need to have around the yard if you let the kids play outside.

Dumbwaiter: One who asks if the kids want to order dessert.

Hearsay: What toddlers do when someone mutters a dirty word.

Independent: What we want are children to be as long as they do everything we say.

Look out: What it's too late for our kids to do when it is shouted out

Show off: A kid who is more talented than yours.

Top bunk: Where you should never put a kid wearing Superman jammies

Whodunit: None of the kids who live in your house.

To finish

Knock. Knock.
     Who's there?
Russell.
     Russell who?
Russell up something to eat!

Knock. Knock.
     Who's there?
Russia.
     Russia who?
Russia through your meal and you'll be sick.

Knock. Knock.
     Who's there?
Sherwood.
     Sherwood who?
Sherwood like to meet you!

Knock. Knock.
     Who's there?
Spain.
     Spain who?
Spain to have you keep knocking at this door!

Answers to Fun & Games

Crossword Puzzles Note that the words used in the first three Young Saint Louis.com crossword puzzles are all taken from the articles appearing in this month's issue.
Puzzle #1
Across Down

1. surrounding environs
5. other teams
7. academic support
8. one's special place
9. weakening economy

2. top goals
3. the usual, regular
4. unpaid workers
6. school related


Puzzle #2
Across Down

1. the range, dimension
4. open to suggestion
7. works with wood
9. does software
10. settled differences
11. grows grapes

2. speeded-up courses
3. a field of math
5. newspaper writing
6. explain, translate
8. hit to make sound


Puzzle #3
Across Down

3. the okay to act
4. complex, civilized
5. paid competitor
7. unplanned
8. planned events
9. size, measurement

1. study past societies
2. round course
6. things left behind


From book reviews
Across Down

2. laugh provoking
6. made well-known
7. self lifestory
8. over-blown
9. beyond imagining
10. giving 10% to church

1. an instant solution
3. symptom colletion
4. anti-slavery stance
5. unable to wait

 

 


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